Blueberries are slender fruits borne on evergreen dwarf vines or shrubs belonging to the genus Vaccinium. These plants abound in the coldest regions of both hemispheres and receive the same name as their fruit. Historically, the cranberry has been used as a natural remedy for urinary infections, but it was also used in restaurants for the preparation of jams, juices and exquisite sweet dishes.

Currently, the blueberry stands out as a natural supplement, thanks to its many beneficial properties for health. You can find cranberry berries, extracts, juices, and capsules in almost every health food store. However, many people are still unaware of the benefits of moderate consumption of blueberries for dogs and cats. But in this article, you will learn about the benefits and the recommended dose for our pets.

Nutritional composition of blueberries

Before listing the benefits of blueberries for dogs and cats, it is important that you know the nutritional composition of this fruit to better understand its effects on the body. According to the USDA (United States Department) database, 100 grams of blueberries contain the following nutrients:

  • Energy: 46kcal
  • Water: 87.32g
  • Protein: 0.46g
  • Total Fat: 0.13g
  • Carbs: 11.97g
  • Total sugars: 4.27g
  • Total fiber: 3.6g
  • Calcium: 8mg
  • Iron: 0.23mg
  • Magnesium: 6mg
  • Phosphorus: 11mg
  • Potassium: 80mg
  • Sodium: 2mg
  • Zinc: 0.09mg
  • Vitamin A: 3µg
  • Vitamin C: 14mg
  • Vitamin B1 (thiamin): 0.012mg
  • Vitamin B2 (riboflavin): 0.02mg
  • Vitamin B3 (niacin or vitamin PP): 0.1mg
  • Vitamin B6: 0.056mg
  • Folate: 1µg
  • Vitamin E: 1.32mg
  • Vitamin K: 5 µg

Benefits of blueberries

The beneficial properties of blueberries are not just a matter of popular belief. Scientific research has proven the extremely positive impact that the continued consumption of blueberries can offer our body, as well as that of our dogs and cats. Below, we summarize the main benefits of blueberries:

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1. Non-stick properties

In ancient times, cranberry juice was used to treat and cure urinary tract infections. It was believed that this fruit would be able to acidify the urine, thus eliminating pathogens. Although there is still no scientific agreement on the ability to acidify urine, it is known that cranberries have non- stick properties, which prevent the adhesion of bacteria and other microorganisms to the surface of the urinary system, facilitating their elimination through urine. This effect allows to prevent urinary infections, cystitis and the formation of stones in cats and dogs.



An experiment conducted by researchers at the University of California Veterinary Hospital demonstrated the non-stick properties of blueberry extract. The professionals administered the extract daily in dogs with a clinical history of recurrent urinary tract infections.

After 2 months of analysis and collection of samples, a significant reduction in the adhesion of E. coli bacteria in the cells was observed after comparing the cultures of urine samples obtained before the administration of the extract, 30 and 60 days later. The results indicate that the consumption of cranberry extract may be very beneficial in preventing urinary tract infections in dogs.

2. Antioxidant properties

Atherosclerosis , which is one of the main causes of cardiovascular pathologies and strokes, begins with the oxidation of LDL cholesterol molecules (the so-called "bad cholesterol"), which leads to an accumulation of lipid and insoluble plaques inside the arteries, interfering with blood circulation and impairing body oxygenation.

As the article " Cranberry Flavonoids, Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Health " indicates, various in vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that the flavonoids and phenolic acids present in blueberries and other wild " berries " have antioxidant action, being capable of inhibiting oxidation LDL cholesterol and prevent the adhesion of "bad cholesterol" plaques in the arteries.

As a consequence, regular consumption of blueberries, either in the diet (organic blueberry juice) or through supplements, can prevent arteriosclerosis and reduce the risk of heart disease, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular accidents (CVA) and strokes

3. Digestive properties

The fibers provided by blueberries stimulate intestinal transit and promote digestion. Therefore, cranberry juice is one of the best home remedies for constipation. In addition, some more recent studies propose for the cranberry rich in natural prebiotics.

Prebiotics are non-digestible plant substances that serve as food for beneficial bacteria in the intestinal flora of dogs, cats and humans. Therefore, blueberries would help not only improve digestion, but also strengthen the immune system.

4. Metabolic properties

Blueberries are rich in polyphenols, a set of phytochemicals with antioxidant action that help prevent cell damage. Despite being known for their "anti-aging" function, polyphenols also help fix calcium, preventing bone loss, which is common in older dogs and cats.

In addition, according to a recent study carried out by the University of Maine, the flavonoids present in blueberries and in the other berries of “berries " would help prevent risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome , such as obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, inflammation , insulin resistance, etc. This effect would be an important ally in the control of blood glucose and the prevention of diabetes in cats, in addition to reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

5. Anti-cancer properties

Recent research carried out by the University of California shows the in vitro efficacy of extracts from blueberries, black and red mulberries, strawberries and caulking in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells in the human body. In addition, the researchers suppose that the polyphenols in these berries could also protect DNA from oxidative stress, preventing the abnormal growth of cells that give rise to tumors.

 

Indications and uses of blueberries in dogs and cats

  • Strengthen the immune system: Blueberries contain essential nutrients for the strengthening of the immune system, such as vitamins A and C, fiber, calcium and protein. And since it is a low-calorie and low-fat fruit, it can be eaten moderately, even by overweight animals.
  • Prevent degenerative diseases – The antioxidant properties of the flavonoids and phenolic acids present in blueberries are vital for fighting free radicals and preventing degenerative and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Improve intestinal transit: the contribution of fibers provided by blueberries helps improve intestinal transit and acts as a natural remedy for constipation in dogs and cats. For the same reason, its excessive consumption can cause diarrhea in our pets.
  • Fight urinary tract infections: cranberries were historically used to combat pathologies of the urinary tract. Although it is not proven that cranberry acidifies urine, its non-stick property helps prevent bacteria from settling in the urinary tract, preventing infections.
  • Stimulate circulation: Blueberries contain bioflavonoids known as "vitamin P" that have an anticoagulant effect in the body. When used in safe doses, they stimulate circulation, helping to prevent the formation of clots and associated conditions, such as thrombosis and vascular problems in the eyes.
  • Prevent diabetes and balance metabolism: As we have mentioned, the phytochemicals present in blueberries allow to prevent the risk factors of metabolic syndrome, including hyperglycemia, obesity and diabetes.

 

Side Effects of Blueberries in Dogs and Cats

Due to its fiber content, blueberries stimulate intestinal transit and can cause diarrhea or upset stomach when eaten in excess. In addition, as they contain oxalic acid, their excessive consumption can also favor the development of calcium oxalate stones in the kidneys or in the bladder. On the other hand, the anticoagulant properties of the fruit, if not used properly, can cause bleeding.

Although not proven, it is estimated that, by helping to fix calcium, excessive consumption of blueberries can interfere with the assimilation of iron. In addition, blueberry leaf infusions can also cause hydroquinone poisoning, and are not recommended for dogs and cats.

Cranberry Dosage for Dogs and Cats

Regular consumption of blueberries is usually very beneficial for our pets, as long as we respect a safe dose for their body. However, there is no single, predefined dose for dogs and cats. The dose must be appropriate based on the purpose of consumption, weight and health status of each animal.

Therefore, it is essential that you consult your veterinarian before offering juice, extract or capsules with blueberry supplements to your pet. The trained professional will be able to guide you on the necessary amount and the best form of administration to obtain a positive impact on the health of your partner.